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    Oracle常用命令大全集
    正在看的ORACLE教程是:Oracle常用命令大全集。第一章:日志管理

        1.forcing log switches

        sql> alter system switch logfile;

        2.forcing checkpoints

        sql> alter system checkpoint;

        3.adding online redo log groups

        sql> alter database add logfile [group 4]

        sql> ('/disk3/log4a.rdo','/disk4/log4b.rdo') size 1m;

        4.adding online redo log members

        sql> alter database add logfile member

        sql> '/disk3/log1b.rdo' to group 1,

        sql> '/disk4/log2b.rdo' to group 2;

        5.changes the name of the online redo logfile

        sql> alter database rename file 'c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo01.log'

        sql> to 'c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log';

        6.drop online redo log groups

        sql> alter database drop logfile group 3;

        7.drop online redo log members

        sql> alter database drop logfile member 'c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log';

        8.clearing online redo log files

        sql> alter database clear [unarchived] logfile 'c:/oracle/log2a.rdo';

        9.using logminer analyzing redo logfiles

        a. in the init.ora specify utl_file_dir = ' '

        b. sql> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build('oradb.ora','c:\oracle\oradb\log');

        c. sql> execute dbms_logmnr_add_logfile('c:\oracle\oradata\oradb\redo01.log',

        sql> dbms_logmnr.new);

        d. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('c:\oracle\oradata\oradb\redo02.log',

        sql> dbms_logmnr.addfile);

        e. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(dictfilename=>'c:\oracle\oradb\log\oradb.ora');

        f. sql> select * from v$logmnr_contents(v$logmnr_dictionary,v$logmnr_parameters

        sql> v$logmnr_logs);

        g. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr; 

        第二章:表空间管理

        1.create tablespaces

        sql> create tablespace tablespace_name datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\file1.dbf' size 100m,

        sql> 'c:\oracle\oradata\file2.dbf' size 100m minimum extent 550k [logging/nologging]

        sql> default storage (initial 500k next 500k maxextents 500 pctinccease 0)

        sql> [online/offline] [permanent/temporary] [extent_management_clause]

        2.locally managed tablespace

        sql> create tablespace user_data datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\user_data01.dbf'

        sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m;

        3.temporary tablespace

        sql> create temporary tablespace temp tempfile 'c:\oracle\oradata\temp01.dbf'

        sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m;

        4.change the storage setting

        sql> alter tablespace app_data minimum extent 2m;

        sql> alter tablespace app_data default storage(initial 2m next 2m maxextents 999);

        5.taking tablespace offline or online

        sql> alter tablespace app_data offline;

        sql> alter tablespace app_data online;

     &nbs

    [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一页

    正在看的ORACLE教程是:Oracle常用命令大全集。p;  6.read_only tablespace

        sql> alter tablespace app_data read only|write;

        7.droping tablespace

        sql> drop tablespace app_data including contents;

        8.enableing automatic extension of data files

        sql> alter tablespace app_data add datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\app_data01.dbf'size 200m

        sql> autoextend on next 10m maxsize 500m;

        9.change the size fo data files manually

        sql> alter database datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\app_data.dbf'resize 200m;

        10.Moving data files: alter tablespace

        sql> alter tablespace app_data rename datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\app_data.dbf'

        sql> to 'c:\oracle\app_data.dbf';

        11.moving data files:alter database

        sql> alter database rename file 'c:\oracle\oradata\app_data.dbf'

        sql> to 'c:\oracle\app_data.dbf'; 

    [NextPage]

    第三章:表

        1.create a table

        sql> create table table_name (column datatype,column datatype]....)

        sql> tablespace tablespace_name [pctfree integer] [pctused integer]

        sql> [initrans integer] [maxtrans integer]

        sql> storage(initial 200k next 200k pctincrease 0 maxextents 50)

        sql> [logging|nologging] [cache|nocache]

        2.copy an existing table

        sql> create table table_name [logging|nologging] as subquery

        3.create temporary table

        sql> create global temporary table xay_temp as select * from xay;

        on commit preserve rows/on commit delete rows

        4.pctfree = (average row size - initial row size) *100 /average row size

        pctused = 100-pctfree- (average row size*100/available data space)

        5.change storage and block utilization parameter

        sql> alter table table_name pctfree=30 pctused=50 storage(next 500k

        sql> minextents 2 maxextents 100);

        6.manually allocating extents

        sql> alter table table_name allocate extent(size 500k datafile 'c:/oracle/data.dbf');

        7.move tablespace

        sql> alter table employee move tablespace users;

        8.deallocate of unused space

        sql> alter table table_name deallocate unused [keep integer]

        9.truncate a table

        sql> truncate table table_name;

        10.drop a table

        sql> drop table table_name [cascade constraints];

        11.drop a column

        sql> alter table table_name drop column comments cascade constraints checkpoint 1000;

        alter table table_name drop columns continue;

        12.mark a column as unused

        sql> alter table table_name set unused column comments cascade constraints;

        alter table table_name drop unused columns checkpoint 1000;

        alter table orders drop columns continue checkpoint 1000

        data_dictionary : dba_unused_col_tabs

        第四章:索引

    上一页  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一页

    正在看的ORACLE教程是:Oracle常用命令大全集。

        1.creating function-based indexes

        sql> create index summit.item_quantity on summit.item(quantity-quantity_shipped);

        2.create a B-tree index

        sql> create [unique] index index_name on table_name(column,.. asc/desc) tablespace

        sql> tablespace_name [pctfree integer] [initrans integer] [maxtrans integer]

        sql> [logging | nologging] [nosort] storage(initial 200k next 200k pctincrease 0

        sql> maxextents 50);

        3.pctfree(index)=(maximum number of rows-initial number of rows)*100/maximum number of rows

        4.creating reverse key indexes

        sql> create unique index xay_id on xay(a) reverse pctfree 30 storage(initial 200k

        sql> next 200k pctincrease 0 maxextents 50) tablespace indx;

        5.create bitmap index

        sql> create bitmap index xay_id on xay(a) pctfree 30 storage( initial 200k next 200k

        sql> pctincrease 0 maxextents 50) tablespace indx;

        6.change storage parameter of index

        sql> alter index xay_id storage (next 400k maxextents 100);

        7.allocating index space

        sql> alter index xay_id allocate extent(size 200k datafile 'c:/oracle/index.dbf');

        8.alter index xay_id deallocate unused; 

        第五章:约束

        1.define constraints as immediate or deferred

        sql> alter session set constraint[s] = immediate/deferred/default;

        set constraint[s] constraint_name/all immediate/deferred;

        2. sql> drop table table_name cascade constraints

        sql> drop tablespace tablespace_name including contents cascade constraints

        3. define constraints while create a table

        sql> create table xay(id number(7) constraint xay_id primary key deferrable

        sql> using index storage(initial 100k next 100k) tablespace indx);

        primary key/unique/references table(column)/check

        4.enable constraints

        sql> alter table xay enable novalidate constraint xay_id;

        5.enable constraints

        sql> alter table xay enable validate constraint xay_id; 

        第六章:LOAD数据

        1.loading data using direct_load insert

        sql> insert /*+append */ into emp nologging

        sql> select * from emp_old;

        2.parallel direct-load insert

        sql> alter session enable parallel dml;

        sql> insert /*+parallel(emp,2) */ into emp nologging

        sql> select * from emp_old;

        3.using sql*loader

        sql> sqlldr scott/tiger \

        sql> control = ulcase6.ctl \

        sql> log = ulcase6.log direct=true

        第七章:reorganizing data

        1.using expoty

        $exp scott/tiger tables(dept,emp) file=c:\emp.dmp log=exp.log compress=n direct=y

        2.using import

        $imp scott/tiger tables(dept,emp) file=emp.dmp log=imp.log ignore=y

    上一页  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一页

    正在看的ORACLE教程是:Oracle常用命令大全集。

        3.transporting a tablespace

        sql>alter tablespace sales_ts read only;

        $exp sys/.. file=xay.dmp transport_tablespace=y tablespace=sales_ts

        triggers=n constraints=n

        $copy datafile

        $imp sys/.. file=xay.dmp transport_tablespace=y datafiles=(/disk1/sles01.dbf,/disk2

        /sles02.dbf)

        sql> alter tablespace sales_ts read write;

        4.checking transport set

        sql> DBMS_tts.transport_set_check(ts_list =>'sales_ts' ..,incl_constraints=>true);

        在表transport_set_violations 中查看

        sql> dbms_tts.isselfcontained 为true 是, 表示自包含

    [NextPage]

    第八章: managing password security and resources

        1.controlling account lock and password

        sql> alter user juncky identified by oracle account unlock;

        2.user_provided password function

        sql> function_name(userid in varchar2(30),password in varchar2(30),

        old_password in varchar2(30)) return boolean

        3.create a profile : password setting

        sql> create profile grace_5 limit failed_login_attempts 3

        sql> password_lock_time unlimited password_life_time 30

        sql>password_reuse_time 30 password_verify_function verify_function

        sql> password_grace_time 5;

        4.altering a profile

        sql> alter profile default failed_login_attempts 3

        sql> password_life_time 60 password_grace_time 10;

        5.drop a profile

        sql> drop profile grace_5 [cascade];

        6.create a profile : resource limit

        sql> create profile developer_prof limit sessions_per_user 2

        sql> cpu_per_session 10000 idle_time 60 connect_time 480;

        7. view => resource_cost : alter resource cost

        dba_Users,dba_profiles

        8. enable resource limits

        sql> alter system set resource_limit=true;

        第九章:Managing users

        1.create a user: database authentication

        sql> create user juncky identified by oracle default tablespace users

        sql> temporary tablespace temp quota 10m on data password expire

        sql> [account lock|unlock] [profile profilename|default];

        2.change user quota on tablespace

        sql> alter user juncky quota 0 on users;

        3.drop a user

        sql> drop user juncky [cascade];

        4. monitor user

        view: dba_users , dba_ts_quotas

        第十章:managing privileges

        1.system privileges: view => system_privilege_map ,dba_sys_privs,session_privs

        2.grant system privilege

        sql> grant create session,create table to managers;

        sql> grant create session to scott with admin option;

        with admin option can grant or revoke privilege from any user or role;

        3.s

    上一页  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一页

    正在看的ORACLE教程是:Oracle常用命令大全集。ysdba and sysoper privileges:

        sysoper: startup,shutdown,alter database open|mount,alter database backup controlfile,

        alter tablespace begin/end backup,recover database

        alter database archivelog,restricted session

        sysdba: sysoper privileges with admin option,create database,recover database until

        4.password file members: view:=> v$pwfile_users

        5.O7_dictionary_accessibility =true restriction access to view or tables in other schema

        6.revoke system privilege

        sql> revoke create table from karen;

        sql> revoke create session from scott;

        7.grant object privilege

        sql> grant execute on dbms_pipe to public;

        sql> grant update(first_name,salary) on employee to karen with grant option;

        8.display object privilege : view => dba_tab_privs, dba_col_privs

        9.revoke object privilege

        sql> revoke execute on dbms_pipe from scott [cascade constraints];

        10.audit record view :=> sys.aud$

        11. protecting the audit trail

        sql> audit delete on sys.aud$ by access;

        12.statement auditing

        sql> audit user;

        13.privilege auditing

        sql> audit select any table by summit by access;

        14.schema object auditing

        sql> audit lock on summit.employee by access whenever successful;

        15.view audit option : view=> all_def_audit_opts,dba_stmt_audit_opts,dba_priv_audit_opts,
    dba_obj_audit_opts

        16.view audit result: view=> dba_audit_trail,dba_audit_exists,dba_audit_object,
    dba_audit_session,dba_audit_statement

        第十一章: manager role

        1.create roles

        sql> create role sales_clerk;

        sql> create role hr_clerk identified by bonus;

        sql> create role hr_manager identified externally;

        2.modify role

        sql> alter role sales_clerk identified by commission;

        sql> alter role hr_clerk identified externally;

        sql> alter role hr_manager not identified;

        3.assigning roles

        sql> grant sales_clerk to scott;

        sql> grant hr_clerk to hr_manager;

        sql> grant hr_manager to scott with admin option;

        4.establish default role

        sql> alter user scott default role hr_clerk,sales_clerk;

        sql> alter user scott default role all;

        sql> alter user scott default role all except hr_clerk;

        sql> alter user scott default role none;

        5.enable and disable roles

        sql> set role hr_clerk;

        sql> set role sales_clerk identified by commission;

        sql> set role all except sales_clerk;

        sql> set role none;

        6.remove role from user

        sql> revoke sales_clerk from scott;

        sql> revoke hr_manager from public;

    上一页  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一页

    正在看的ORACLE教程是:Oracle常用命令大全集。>    7.remove role

        sql> drop role hr_manager;

        8.display role information

        view: =>dba_roles,dba_role_privs,role_role_privs,dba_sys_privs,
    role_sys_privs,role_tab_privs,session_roles

        第十二章: BACKUP and RECOVERY

        1. v$sga,v$instance,v$process,v$bgprocess,v$database,v$datafile,v$sgastat

        2. Rman need set dbwr_IO_slaves or backup_tape_IO_slaves and large_pool_size

        3. Monitoring Parallel Rollback

        > v$fast_start_servers , v$fast_start_transactions

        4.perform a closed database backup (noarchivelog)

        > shutdown immediate

        > cp files /backup/

        > startup

        5.restore to a different location

        > connect system/manager as sysdba

        > startup mount

        > alter database rename file '/disk1/../user.dbf'to '/disk2/../user.dbf';

        > alter database open;

        6.recover syntax

        --recover a mounted database

        >recover database;

        >recover datafile '/disk1/data/df2.dbf';

        >alter database recover database;

        --recover an opened database

        >recover tablespace user_data;

        >recover datafile 2;

        >alter database recover datafile 2;

        7.how to apply redo log files automatically

        >set autorecovery on

        >recover automatic datafile 4;

        8.complete recovery:

        --method 1(mounted databae)

        >copy c:\backup\user.dbf c:\oradata\user.dbf

        >startup mount

        >recover datafile 'c:\oradata\user.dbf;

        >alter database open;

        --method 2(opened database,initially opened,not system or rollback datafile)

        >copy c:\backup\user.dbf c:\oradata\user.dbf (alter tablespace offline)

        >recover datafile 'c:\oradata\user.dbf' or

        >recover tablespace user_data;

        >alter database datafile 'c:\oradata\user.dbf' online or

        >alter tablespace user_data online;

        --method 3(opened database,initially closed not system or rollback datafile)

        >startup mount

        >alter database datafile 'c:\oradata\user.dbf' offline;

        >alter database open

        >copy c:\backup\user.dbf d:\oradata\user.dbf

        >alter database rename file 'c:\oradata\user.dbf'to 'd:\oradata\user.dbf'

        >recover datafile 'e:\oradata\user.dbf' or recover tablespace user_data;

        >alter tablespace user_data online;

        --method 4(loss of data file with no backup and have all archive log)

        >alter tablespace user_data offline immediate;

        >alter database create datafile 'd:\oradata\user.dbf'as 'c:\oradata\user.dbf''

        >recover tablespace user_data;

        >alter tablespace user_data online

    上一页  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一页

    正在看的ORACLE教程是:Oracle常用命令大全集。    5.perform an open database backup

        > alter tablespace user_data begin backup;

        > copy files /backup/

        > alter database datafile '/c:/../data.dbf' end backup;

        > alter system switch logfile;

        6.backup a control file

        > alter database backup controlfile to 'control1.bkp';

        > alter database backup controlfile to trace;

        7.recovery (noarchivelog mode)

        > shutdown abort

        > cp files

        > startup

        8.recovery of file in backup mode

        >alter database datafile 2 end backup;

        9.clearing redo log file

        >alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1;

        >alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1 unrecoverable datafile;

        10.redo log recovery

        >alter database add logfile group 3 'c:\oradata\redo03.log'size 1000k;

        >alter database drop logfile group 1;

        >alter database open;

        or >cp c:\oradata\redo02.log' c:\oradata\redo01.log

     

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