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    mysql community server 8.0.12安装配置方法图文教程

    MySQL 8 带来了全新的体验,比如支持 NoSQL、JSON 等,拥有比 MySQL 5.7 两倍以上的性能提升。本文讲解如何在 Windows 下安装 MySQL 8,以及基本的 MySQL 用法。

    下载

    下载地址

    本例为:MySQL Community Server 8.0.12。

    解压

    解压至安装目录,比如 D 盘根目录下。

    本例为:D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64。

    创建 my.ini

    my.ini 是 MySQL 安装的配置文件:

    [mysqld]
    # 安装目录
    basedir=D:\\mysql-8.0.12-winx64
    # 数据存放目录
    datadir=D:\\mysqlData\\data

    my.ini放置在 MySQL 安装目录的根目录下。需要注意的是,要先创建D:\mysqlData目录。data目录是由 MySQL 来创建。

    初始化安装

    执行:

    mysqld --defaults-file=D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\my.ini --initialize --console

    控制台输出如下,说明安装成功:

    >mysqld --defaults-file=D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\my.ini --initialize --console
    2018-08-20T16:14:45.287448Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) initializing of server in progress as process 5012
    2018-08-20T16:14:45.289628Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
    2018-08-20T16:14:45.299329Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
    2018-08-20T16:14:45.301316Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.12) MySQL Community Server - GPL.
    
    D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin>mysqld --defaults-file=D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\my.ini --initialize --console
    2018-08-20T16:15:25.729771Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) initializing of server in progress as process 18148
    2018-08-20T16:15:43.569562Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: L-hk!rBuk9-.
    2018-08-20T16:15:55.811470Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) initializing of server has completed

    其中,“L-hk!rBuk9-.”就是 root 用户的初始化密码。稍后可以做更改。

    启动、关闭 MySQL server

    执行mysqld就能启动 MySQL server,或者执行 mysqld –console可以看到完整的启动信息:

    >mysqld --console
    2018-08-20T16:18:23.698153Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010915] [Server] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
    2018-08-20T16:18:23.698248Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) starting as process 16304
    2018-08-20T16:18:27.624422Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
    2018-08-20T16:18:27.793310Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.12' socket: '' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL.

    关闭,可以执行 mysqladmin -u root shutdown

    使用 MySQL 客户端

    使用 mysql 来登录,账号为 root,密码为“L-hk!rBuk9-.”:

    >mysql -u root -p
    Enter password: ************
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 11
    Server version: 8.0.12
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

    执行下面的语句来改密码。其中“123456”即为新密码。

    mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)

    MySQL 常用指令

    显示已有的数据库:

    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database  |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql  |
    | performance_schema |
    | sys  |
    +--------------------+
    4 rows in set (0.08 sec)

    创建新的数据库:

    mysql> CREATE DATABASE lite;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.19 sec)

    使用数据库:

    mysql> USE lite;
    Database changed

    建表:

    建表执行:

    mysql> CREATE TABLE t_user (user_id BIGINT NOT NULL, username VARCHAR(20));
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.82 sec)

    查看表:

    查看数据库中的所有表:

    mysql> SHOW TABLES;
    +----------------+
    | Tables_in_lite |
    +----------------+
    | t_user  |
    +----------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    查看表的详情:

    mysql> DESCRIBE t_user;
    +----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
    | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
    +----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
    | user_id | bigint(20) | NO | | NULL | |
    | username | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
    +----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    插入数据:

    mysql> INSERT INTO t_user(user_id, username) VALUES(1, '老卫');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)

    以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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