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    在Mysql数据库里通过存储过程实现树形的遍历

    关于多级别菜单栏或者权限系统中部门上下级的树形遍历,oracle中有connect by来实现,mysql没有这样的便捷途径,所以MySQL遍历数据表是我们经常会遇到的头痛问题,下面通过存储过程来实现。

    1,建立测试表和数据:

    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS csdn.channel; 
    CREATE TABLE csdn.channel ( 
    id INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, 
    cname VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT NULL, 
    parent_id INT(11) DEFAULT NULL, 
    PRIMARY KEY (id) 
    ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 
    INSERT INTO channel(id,cname,parent_id) 
    VALUES (13,'首页',-1), 
    (14,'TV580',-1), 
    (15,'生活580',-1), 
    (16,'左上幻灯片',13), 
    (17,'帮忙',14), 
    (18,'栏目简介',17); 
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS channel;

    2,利用临时表和递归过程实现树的遍历(mysql的UDF不能递归调用):

    2.1,从某节点向下遍历子节点,递归生成临时表数据

    -- pro_cre_childlist
    DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS csdn.pro_cre_childlist
    CREATE PROCEDURE csdn.pro_cre_childlist(IN rootId INT,IN nDepth INT)
    DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;
    DECLARE b INT;
    DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT id FROM channel WHERE parent_id=rootId;
    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;
    SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12;
    INSERT INTO tmpLst VALUES (NULL,rootId,nDepth); 
    OPEN cur1; 
    FETCH cur1 INTO b; 
    WHILE done=0 DO 
    CALL pro_cre_childlist(b,nDepth+1); 
    FETCH cur1 INTO b; 
    END WHILE; 
    CLOSE cur1; 

    2.2,从某节点向上追溯根节点,递归生成临时表数据

    -- pro_cre_parentlist
    DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS csdn.pro_cre_parentlist
    CREATE PROCEDURE csdn.pro_cre_parentlist(IN rootId INT,IN nDepth INT) 
    BEGIN 
    DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0; 
    DECLARE b INT; 
    DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT parent_id FROM channel WHERE id=rootId; 
    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1; 
    SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12; 
    INSERT INTO tmpLst VALUES (NULL,rootId,nDepth); 
    OPEN cur1; 
    FETCH cur1 INTO b; 
    WHILE done=0 DO 
    CALL pro_cre_parentlist(b,nDepth+1); 
    FETCH cur1 INTO b; 
    END WHILE; 
    CLOSE cur1; 

    2.3,实现类似Oracle SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH的功能,递归过程输出某节点id路径

    -- pro_cre_pathlist
    USE csdn
    DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_cre_pathlist
    CREATE PROCEDURE pro_cre_pathlist(IN nid INT,IN delimit VARCHAR(10),INOUT pathstr VARCHAR(1000))
    BEGIN 
    DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0; 
    DECLARE parentid INT DEFAULT 0; 
    DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR 
    SELECT t.parent_id,CONCAT(CAST(t.parent_id AS CHAR),delimit,pathstr) 
    FROM channel AS t WHERE t.id = nid; 
    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1; 
    SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12; 
    OPEN cur1; 
    FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr; 
    WHILE done=0 DO 
    CALL pro_cre_pathlist(parentid,delimit,pathstr); 
    FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr; 
    END WHILE; 
    CLOSE cur1; 
    DELIMITER ;

    2.4,递归过程输出某节点name路径

    -- pro_cre_pnlist
    USE csdn
    DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_cre_pnlist
    CREATE PROCEDURE pro_cre_pnlist(IN nid INT,IN delimit VARCHAR(10),INOUT pathstr VARCHAR(1000))
    BEGIN 
    DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0; 
    DECLARE parentid INT DEFAULT 0; 
    DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR 
    SELECT t.parent_id,CONCAT(t.cname,delimit,pathstr) 
    FROM channel AS t WHERE t.id = nid; 
    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1; 
    SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12; 
    OPEN cur1; 
    FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr; 
    WHILE done=0 DO 
    CALL pro_cre_pnlist(parentid,delimit,pathstr); 
    FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr; 
    END WHILE; 
    CLOSE cur1; 
    DELIMITER ;

    2.5,调用函数输出id路径

    -- fn_tree_path
    DELIMITER
    DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS csdn.fn_tree_path
    CREATE FUNCTION csdn.fn_tree_path(nid INT,delimit VARCHAR(10)) RETURNS VARCHAR(2000) CHARSET utf8 
    BEGIN 
    DECLARE pathid VARCHAR(1000); 
    SET pathid=CAST(nid AS CHAR); 
    CALL pro_cre_pathlist(nid,delimit,pathid); 
    RETURN pathid; 
    END

    2.6,调用函数输出name路径

    -- fn_tree_pathname
    -- 调用函数输出name路径 
    DELIMITER
    DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS csdn.fn_tree_pathname
    CREATE FUNCTION csdn.fn_tree_pathname(nid INT,delimit VARCHAR(10)) RETURNS VARCHAR(2000) CHARSET utf8 
    BEGIN 
    DECLARE pathid VARCHAR(1000); 
    SET pathid=''; 
    CALL pro_cre_pnlist(nid,delimit,pathid); 
    RETURN pathid; 
    END
    DELIMITER ;

    2.7,调用过程输出子节点

    -- pro_show_childLst 
    DELIMITER
    -- 调用过程输出子节点 
    DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_show_childLst
    CREATE PROCEDURE pro_show_childLst(IN rootId INT) 
    BEGIN 
    DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmpLst; 
    CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tmpLst 
    (sno INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,id INT,depth INT); 
    CALL pro_cre_childlist(rootId,0); 
    SELECT channel.id,CONCAT(SPACE(tmpLst.depth*2),'--',channel.cname) NAME,channel.parent_id,tmpLst.depth,fn_tree_path(channel.id,'/') path,fn_tree_pathname(channel.id,'/') pathname 
    FROM tmpLst,channel WHERE tmpLst.id=channel.id ORDER BY tmpLst.sno; 
    END

    2.8,调用过程输出父节点

    -- pro_show_parentLst
    DELIMITER
    -- 调用过程输出父节点 
    DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `pro_show_parentLst`
    CREATE PROCEDURE `pro_show_parentLst`(IN rootId INT) 
    BEGIN 
    DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmpLst; 
    CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tmpLst 
    (sno INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,id INT,depth INT); 
    CALL pro_cre_parentlist(rootId,0); 
    SELECT channel.id,CONCAT(SPACE(tmpLst.depth*2),'--',channel.cname) NAME,channel.parent_id,tmpLst.depth,fn_tree_path(channel.id,'/') path,fn_tree_pathname(channel.id,'/') pathname 
    FROM tmpLst,channel WHERE tmpLst.id=channel.id ORDER BY tmpLst.sno; 
    END

    3,开始测试:

    3.1,从根节点开始显示,显示子节点集合:

    mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(-1);
    +----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+
    | id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    +----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+
    | 13 | --首页 | -1 | 1 | -1/13 | 首页/ |
    | 16 | --左上幻灯片 | 13 | 2 | -1/13/16 | 首页/左上幻灯片/ |
    | 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 1 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
    | 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 2 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |
    | 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 3 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |
    | 15 | --生活580 | -1 | 1 | -1/15 | 生活580/ |
    +----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+
    6 rows in set (0.05 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

    3.2,显示首页下面的子节点

    CALL pro_show_childLst(13);
    mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(13);
    +----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+
    | id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    +----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+
    | 13 | --首页 | -1 | 0 | -1/13 | 首页/ |
    | 16 | --左上幻灯片 | 13 | 1 | -1/13/16 | 首页/左上幻灯片/ |
    +----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+
    2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
    mysql>

    3.3,显示TV580下面的所有子节点

    CALL pro_show_childLst(14);
    mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(14);
    | id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    | 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 0 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
    | 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 1 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |
    | 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 2 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |
    3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
    mysql>

    3.4,“帮忙”节点有一个子节点,显示出来:

    CALL pro_show_childLst(17);
    mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(17);
    | id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    | 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 0 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |
    | 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 1 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |
    2 rows in set (0.03 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
    mysql>

    3.5,“栏目简介”没有子节点,所以只显示最终节点:

    mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(18);
    +--| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    | 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 0 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |
    1 row in set (0.36 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.36 sec)
    mysql>

    3.6,显示根节点的父节点

    CALL pro_show_parentLst(-1);
    mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(-1);
    Empty set (0.01 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    mysql>

    3.7,显示“首页”的父节点

    CALL pro_show_parentLst(13);
    mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(13);
    | id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    | 13 | --首页 | -1 | 0 | -1/13 | 首页/ |
    1 row in set (0.02 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
    mysql>

    3.8,显示“TV580”的父节点,parent_id为-1

    CALL pro_show_parentLst(14);
    mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(14);
    | id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    | 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 0 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
    1 row in set (0.02 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

    3.9,显示“帮忙”节点的父节点

    CALL pro_show_parentLst(17);
    mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(17);
    | id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    | 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 0 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |
    | 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 1 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
    2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
    mysql>

    3.10,显示最低层节点“栏目简介”的父节点

    CALL pro_show_parentLst(18);
    mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(18);
    | id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
    | 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 0 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |
    | 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 1 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |
    | 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 2 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
    3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
    mysql>

    以上所述是小编给大家介绍的在Mysql数据库里通过存储过程实现树形的遍历,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对脚本之家网站的支持!

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