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    如何快速使用mysqlreplicate搭建MySQL主从

    简介

    mysql-utilities工具集是一个集中了多种工具的合集,可以理解为是DBA的工具箱,本文介绍利用其中的mysqlreplicate工具来快速搭建MySQL主从环境。

    HE1:192.168.1.248 slave

    HE3:192.168.1.250 master

    实战

    Part1:安装mysql-utilities

    [root@HE1 ~]# tar xvf mysql-utilities-1.5.4.tar.gz
    
    [root@HE1 ~]# cd mysql-utilities-1.5.4
    
    [root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py build
    
    [root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py install
    

    Part2:基本使用方式

    [root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --help
    MySQL Utilities mysqlreplicate version 1.5.4 
    License type: GPLv2
    Usage: mysqlreplicate --master=root@localhost:3306 --slave=root@localhost:3310 --rpl-user=rpl:passwd 
    mysqlreplicate - establish replication with a master
    Options:
     --version    show program's version number and exit
     --help    display a help message and exit
     --license    display program's license and exit
     --master=MASTER  connection information for master server in the form:
          user>[:password>]@host>[:port>][:socket>] or
          login-path>[:port>][:socket>] or config-
          path>[[group]>].
     --slave=SLAVE   connection information for slave server in the form:
          user>[:password>]@host>[:port>][:socket>] or
          login-path>[:port>][:socket>] or config-
          path>[[group]>].
     --rpl-user=RPL_USER the user and password for the replication user
          requirement, in the form: user>[:password>] or
          login-path>. E.g. rpl:passwd
     -p, --pedantic  fail if storage engines differ among master and slave.
     --test-db=TEST_DB  database name to use in testing replication setup
          (optional)
     --master-log-file=MASTER_LOG_FILE
          use this master log file to initiate the slave.
     --master-log-pos=MASTER_LOG_POS
          use this position in the master log file to initiate
          the slave.
     -b, --start-from-beginning
          start replication from the first event recorded in the
          binary logging of the master. Not valid with --master-
          log-file or --master-log-pos.
     --ssl-ca=SSL_CA  The path to a file that contains a list of trusted SSL
          CAs.
     --ssl-cert=SSL_CERT The name of the SSL certificate file to use for
          establishing a secure connection.
     --ssl-key=SSL_KEY  The name of the SSL key file to use for establishing a
          secure connection.
     --ssl=SSL    Specifies if the server connection requires use of
          SSL. If an encrypted connection cannot be established,
          the connection attempt fails. By default 0 (SSL not
          required).
     -v, --verbose   control how much information is displayed. e.g., -v =
          verbose, -vv = more verbose, -vvv = debug
     -q, --quiet   turn off all messages for quiet execution.
    
    

    Part3:主库准备

    主库创建复制用户

    [root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 23329
    Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    mysql> grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'mysync'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
    mysql> flush privileges;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    
    

    Part4:一键配置

    从库进行配置主从执行如下命令
    [root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --master=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.250:3306 --slave=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.248:3306 --rpl-user=mysync:MANAGER -b
    WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    # master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.
    # slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.
    # Checking for binary logging on master...
    # Setting up replication...
    # ...done.

    检查

    Part1:mysqlrplcheck检查

    [root@HE1 ~]# mysqlrplcheck --master=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.250:3306 --slave=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.248:3306 -s
    WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    # master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.
    # slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.
    Test Description              Status
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Checking for binary logging on master        [pass]
    Are there binlog exceptions?           [pass]
    Replication user exists?            [pass]
    Checking server_id values           [pass]
    Checking server_uuid values           [pass]
    Is slave connected to master?          [pass]
    Check master information file          [pass]
    Checking InnoDB compatibility          [pass]
    Checking storage engines compatibility        [pass]
    Checking lower_case_table_names settings        [pass]
    Checking slave delay (seconds behind master)       [pass]
    
    #
    # Slave status: 
    #
        Slave_IO_State : Waiting for master to send event
         Master_Host : 192.168.1.250
         Master_User : mysync
         Master_Port : 3306
         Connect_Retry : 60
        Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003
       Read_Master_Log_Pos : 384741
        Relay_Log_File : HE1-relay-bin.000004
         Relay_Log_Pos : 384954
       Relay_Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003
        Slave_IO_Running : Yes
        Slave_SQL_Running : Yes
        Replicate_Do_DB : 
       Replicate_Ignore_DB : 
       Replicate_Do_Table : 
      Replicate_Ignore_Table : 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table : 
     Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table : 
         Last_Errno : 0
         Last_Error : 
         Skip_Counter : 0
       Exec_Master_Log_Pos : 384741
        Relay_Log_Space : 1743112
        Until_Condition : None
        Until_Log_File : 
         Until_Log_Pos : 0
       Master_SSL_Allowed : No
       Master_SSL_CA_File : 
       Master_SSL_CA_Path : 
        Master_SSL_Cert : 
        Master_SSL_Cipher : 
        Master_SSL_Key : 
       Seconds_Behind_Master : 0
     Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert : No
         Last_IO_Errno : 0
         Last_IO_Error : 
        Last_SQL_Errno : 0
        Last_SQL_Error : 
     Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids : 
        Master_Server_Id : 1250
         Master_UUID : 1b1daad8-b501-11e6-aa21-000c29c6361d
        Master_Info_File : /data/mysql/master.info
          SQL_Delay : 0
       SQL_Remaining_Delay : None
      Slave_SQL_Running_State : Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
       Master_Retry_Count : 86400
         Master_Bind : 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp : 
      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp : 
        Master_SSL_Crl : 
       Master_SSL_Crlpath : 
       Retrieved_Gtid_Set : 
        Executed_Gtid_Set : 
         Auto_Position : 0
       Replicate_Rewrite_DB : 
         Channel_Name : 
       Master_TLS_Version : 
    # ...done.
    
    

    其他常用工具

    Part1:mysqldiskusage检查数据库空间大小

    [root@HE1 ~]# mysqldiskusage --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost
    WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    # Source on localhost: ... connected.
    # Database totals:
    +---------------------+--------------+
    | db_name    |  total |
    +---------------------+--------------+
    | maxscale_schema  | 14,906  |
    | mysql    | 14,250,013 |
    | performance_schema | 818,071  |
    | sys     | 500,802  |
    | wms     | 925,929,868 |
    +---------------------+--------------+
    Total database disk usage = 941,513,660 bytes or 897.90 MB
    #...done.
    
    

    Part2:mysqlindexcheck检查冗余索引

    [root@HE1 ~]# mysqlindexcheck --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost wms
    WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    # Source on localhost: ... connected.
    # The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.auth_user:
    #
    CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `index_user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`) USING BTREE
    #  may be redundant or duplicate of:
    CREATE INDEX `user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`, `state`) USING BTREE
    # The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.basic_storeage_sapce:
    #
    CREATE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE
    #  may be redundant or duplicate of:
    CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no_un` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE

    ——总结——

    可以看到利用mysql-utilities工具集中的mysqlreplicate来配置MySQL主从非常简单,mysqlreplicate也提供了各类参数,本文中的-b是指使复制从主二进制日志中的第一个事件开始。mysqlrplcheck 中的-s是指输出show slave status\G的内容。由于笔者的水平有限,编写时间也很仓促,文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方,不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。

    以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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