golang DNS服务器的简单实现操作-巨人网络通讯

golang DNS服务器的简单实现操作

简单的DNS服务器

提供一个简单的可以查询域名和反向查询的DNS服务器。

dig命令主要用来从 DNS 域名服务器查询主机地址信息。

查找www.baidu.com的ip （A记录）：

命令：dig @127.0.0.1 www.baidu.com

根据ip查找对应域名（PTR记录）：

命令：dig @127.0.0.1 -x 220.181.38.150

源码：

package main
import (
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
)
func main() {
	conn, err := net.ListenUDP("udp", net.UDPAddr{Port: 53})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer conn.Close()
	fmt.Println("Listing ...")
	for {
		buf := make([]byte, 512)
		_, addr, _ := conn.ReadFromUDP(buf)
		var msg dnsmessage.Message
		if err := msg.Unpack(buf); err != nil {
			fmt.Println(err)
			continue
		}
		go ServerDNS(addr, conn, msg)
	}
}
// address books
var (
	addressBookOfA = map[string][4]byte{
		"www.baidu.com.": [4]byte{220, 181, 38, 150},
	}
	addressBookOfPTR = map[string]string{
		"150.38.181.220.in-addr.arpa.": "www.baidu.com.",
	}
)
// ServerDNS serve
func ServerDNS(addr *net.UDPAddr, conn *net.UDPConn, msg dnsmessage.Message) {
	// query info
	if len(msg.Questions)  1 {
		return
	}
	question := msg.Questions[0]
	var (
		queryTypeStr = question.Type.String()
		queryNameStr = question.Name.String()
		queryType    = question.Type
		queryName, _ = dnsmessage.NewName(queryNameStr)
	)
	fmt.Printf("[%s] queryName: [%s]\n", queryTypeStr, queryNameStr)
	// find record
	var resource dnsmessage.Resource
	switch queryType {
	case dnsmessage.TypeA:
		if rst, ok := addressBookOfA[queryNameStr]; ok {
			resource = NewAResource(queryName, rst)
		} else {
			fmt.Printf("not fount A record queryName: [%s] \n", queryNameStr)
			Response(addr, conn, msg)
			return
		}
	case dnsmessage.TypePTR:
		if rst, ok := addressBookOfPTR[queryName.String()]; ok {
			resource = NewPTRResource(queryName, rst)
		} else {
			fmt.Printf("not fount PTR record queryName: [%s] \n", queryNameStr)
			Response(addr, conn, msg)
			return
		}
	default:
		fmt.Printf("not support dns queryType: [%s] \n", queryTypeStr)
		return
	}
	// send response
	msg.Response = true
	msg.Answers = append(msg.Answers, resource)
	Response(addr, conn, msg)
}
// Response return
func Response(addr *net.UDPAddr, conn *net.UDPConn, msg dnsmessage.Message) {
	packed, err := msg.Pack()
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
		return
	}
	if _, err := conn.WriteToUDP(packed, addr); err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
}
// NewAResource A record
func NewAResource(query dnsmessage.Name, a [4]byte) dnsmessage.Resource {
	return dnsmessage.Resource{
		Header: dnsmessage.ResourceHeader{
			Name:  query,
			Class: dnsmessage.ClassINET,
			TTL:   600,
		},
		Body: dnsmessage.AResource{
			A: a,
		},
	}
}
// NewPTRResource PTR record
func NewPTRResource(query dnsmessage.Name, ptr string) dnsmessage.Resource {
	name, _ := dnsmessage.NewName(ptr)
	return dnsmessage.Resource{
		Header: dnsmessage.ResourceHeader{
			Name:  query,
			Class: dnsmessage.ClassINET,
		},
		Body: dnsmessage.PTRResource{
			PTR: name,
		},
	}
}

补充：Golang自定义DNS Nameserver

某些情况下我们希望程序通过自定义Nameserver去查询域名，而不希望通过操作系统给定的Nameserver，本文介绍如何在Golang中实现自定义Nameserver。

DNS解析过程

Golang中一般通过net.Resolver的LookupHost(ctx context.Context, host string) (addrs []string, err error)去实现域名解析，

解析过程如下：

检查本地hosts文件是否存在解析记录，存在即返回解析地址

不存在即根据resolv.conf中读取的nameserver发起递归查询

nameserver不断的向上级nameserver发起迭代查询

nameserver最终返回查询结果给请求者

用户可以通过修改/etc/resolv.conf来添加特定的nameserver，但某些场景下我们不希望更改系统配置。比如在kubernetes中，作为sidecar服务需要通过service去访问其他集群内服务，必须更改dnsPolicy为ClusterFirst，但这可能会影响其他容器的DNS查询效率。

自定义Nameserver

在Golang中自定义Nameserver，需要我们自己实现一个Resolver，如果是httpClient需要自定义DialContext()

Resolver实现如下：

// 默认dialer
dialer := net.Dialer{
  Timeout: 1 * time.Second,
}
// 定义resolver
resolver := net.Resolver{
 Dial: func(ctx context.Context, network, address string) (net.Conn, error) {
  return dialer.DialContext(ctx, "tcp", nameserver) // 通过tcp请求nameserver解析域名
 },
}

自定义Dialer如下：

type Dialer struct {
 dialer     *net.Dialer
 resolver   *net.Resolver
 nameserver string
}
// NewDialer create a Dialer with user's nameserver.
func NewDialer(dialer *net.Dialer, nameserver string) (*Dialer, error) {
 conn, err := dialer.Dial("tcp", nameserver)
 if err != nil {
  return nil, err
 }
 defer conn.Close()
 return Dialer{
  dialer: dialer,
  resolver: net.Resolver{
   Dial: func(ctx context.Context, network, address string) (net.Conn, error) {
    return dialer.DialContext(ctx, "tcp", nameserver)
   },
  },
  nameserver: nameserver, // 用户设置的nameserver
 }, nil
}
// DialContext connects to the address on the named network using
// the provided context.
func (d *Dialer) DialContext(ctx context.Context, network, address string) (net.Conn, error) {
 host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(address)
 if err != nil {
  return nil, err
 }
 ips, err := d.resolver.LookupHost(ctx, host) // 通过自定义nameserver查询域名
 for _, ip := range ips {
    // 创建链接
  conn, err := d.dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, ip+":"+port)
  if err == nil {
   return conn, nil
  }
 }
 return d.dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, address)
}

httpClient中自定义DialContext()如下：

ndialer, _ := NewDialer(dialer, nameserver)
client := http.Client{
  Transport: http.Transport{
    DialContext:         ndialer.DialContext,
    TLSHandshakeTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
  },
  Timeout: timeout,
}