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    Windows 8 中的 PowerShell 3.0

    Windows 8 惊艳登场,当Metro界面吸引了无数人的眼球时,其实还有很多特性值得关注,如PowerShell 3.0、Hyper-V 3.0、vhdx、IIS 8等。

    PowerShell 2.0实践系列从本次开始全面转向3.0,体验一下PowerShell 3.0带来的管理方案提升。

    很庆幸PowerGUI Script Editor 可以在Windows 8下安装:官方下载

    本系列全部脚本在Windows 8 x64(PowerShell 3.0) + PowerGUI Script Editor 3.0 Free Edition x64 上测试通过

    一、PowerShell 3.0概述

    如同PowerShell 2.0内置于Windows 7和 Windows Server 2008 R2,在Build大会上发布的Windows 8 Developer Preview 和 Windows Server 8 Developer Preview也内置了PowerShell 3.0。我安装的Windows 8 Developer Preview x64,快捷键Win + R 打开运行,输入powershell即可打开PowerShell 3.0的命令行:

    虽然标题栏还是1.0,但是通过全局变量 $host 可以查看具体版本信息:

    未安装 Windows 8 的朋友也不必扫兴,微软已经放出了PowerShell 3.0 CTP1的下载,在这里下载:

    需要注意的是操作系统必须为Windows 7 SP1 或 Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1,且需要.NET Framework 4.0。

    PowerShell 3.0 只是 WMF(Windows Management Framework 3.0,Windows 管理框架)的一部分,WMF 3.0的新特性有:

    英文原文

    1、PowerShell 3.0

    支持 Workflows - 让你可以在命令行就可以操作 Windows Workflow Foundation

    更稳定的 Session - 让你的 Session 可以更加适应不稳定的网络、突然停机的系统、随时重新连接

    计划任务 - 让你从命令行就可以创建、管理 Windows 计划任务

    权限托管 - 让受限的用户可以在特定情况下执行更高权限的脚本

    更简化的语法 - 让脚本看起来更像程序或者更像自然语言

    Cmdlet 发掘 - 改进的自动模块加载可以让你更容易发掘系统中的各种 Cmdlet

    PowerShell ISE插件- 更容易编写脚本命令

    2、WMI(Windows Management Instrumentation,Windows管理规范)

    新的开发模型提供者 - 新的开发模型降低了管理成本,移除了对COM的依赖

    新的管理客户端API – 提供标准的公共信息模型(CIM = Common Information Model)操作,允许在Windows上管理*ninx等非Windows操作系统

    附注:

    公共信息模型CIM,是一个与具体实现无关的、用于描述管理信息的概念性模型。CIM分为两部分:CIM 规范(CIM Specification)和CIM 模式(CIM Schema)。CIM 规范提供了模型的正式定义,它描述了语言、命名、元模式和到其他管理模型(如SNMP MIB)的映射技术;CIM 模式则给出了实际模型的描述。CIM 模型由核心模型、公共模型和扩展模型三层构成。核心模型是一系列类、连接和属性的集合,该对象组提供了所有管理域通用的基本信息模型;公共模型提供特定管理域的通用信息模型,这些特定的管理域,如系统、应用程序、网络和设备等;扩展模型代表通用模型的特定技术扩展。

    通过CIM 建模,能够得到管理域中实体的抽象和表示,包括它们的属性、操作和关系。这样的模型独立于任何具体的数据库、应用、协议以及平台。因此,CIM 模型要求不同开发商所提供的基于不同平台的应用都采用一种标准的格式来描述管理数据,以使数据能够在多种应用间共享。CIM 采用面向对象的方式构建了一种新的适用于管理系统、网络的结构和概念模型。CIM 建模是一种通用方法。特定管理域的CIM 建模是在核心模型和公共模型的基础上进行扩展。

    总的来说公共信息模型(CIM)是一个标准,定义了一个前后一致的模型,依据这个模型,网络设备、系统和应用程序能显示有关它们自己的信息,并使这些信息能被管理工具利用CIM能描述诸如桌面软件和硬件配置、CPU 封装块的序列号以及某个特殊路由器端口上的流量水平等信息。

    也许CIM有别于以前标准的最重要之处是其表示组成计算机系统或公司网络的不同单元和部件之间关系的能力。DIF主席、Novell的公司设计师Winston Bumpus 称,利用CIM"你能看到这台计算机是否与这个应用 程序连在一起,它是在运行从这台服务器上送出的服务。"他还说,通过跟踪路径和检查一路上每个部件的状态,管理工具就能" 回答我为什么不能送出电子邮件这样的问题了。"

    CIMOM 公共信息模型对象管理器(Common Information Model Object Manager)

    是一个描述操作系统构成单元的对象数据库,为MMC和脚本程序提供了一个访问操作系统构成单元的公共接口。

    3、WinRM(Windows Remote Management,Windows 远程管理)

    更稳定的连接 - 更加适应不稳定的网络、突然停机的系统、随时重新连接

    更弹性的连接 - 当连接中断后,可以迅速重新连接

    4、PowerShell Web服务

    支持REST形式的Web服务使用开放式数据协议(Open Data Protocol ,OData)远程执行PowerShell脚本,支持Windows和非Windows客户端。

    二、Windows Server 8中的PowerShell 3.0新模块

    ADDeploymentWF

    AppLocker

    Appx

    BestPractices

    BitsTransfer

    BranchCache

    CimCmdlets

    ClusterAwareUpdating

    DirectAccessClientComponents

    Dism

    DnsClient

    DnsConfig

    DnsLookup

    DnsNrpt

    FailoverClusters

    FileServer

    iSCSI

    KdsCmdlets

    Microsoft.PowerShell.Core

    Microsoft.PowerShell.Diagnostics

    Microsoft.PowerShell.Host

    Microsoft.PowerShell.Management

    Microsoft.PowerShell.Security

    Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility

    Microsoft.WSMan.Management

    MicrosoftiSCSITarget

    MsDtc

    NetAdapter

    NetLbfo

    NetQos

    NetSwitchTeam

    NetTCPIP

    netwnv

    NetworkConnectivityStatus

    NetworkSecurity

    NetworkTransition

    PKIClient

    PrintManagement

    PS_MMAgent

    PSDiagnostics

    PSScheduledJob

    PSWorkflow

    RDManagement

    ScheduledTasks

    SecureBoot

    ServerManager

    ServerManagerShell

    SmbShare

    SmbWitness

    Storage

    TelemetryManagement

    TroubleshootingPack

    TrustedPlatformModule

    UserAccessLogging

    Wdac

    Whea

    三、Windows 8 Developer Preview中的PowerShell 3.0的命令与别名

    ac

    asnp

    clc

    cli

    clp

    clv

    compare

    cpi

    cpp

    cvpa

    dbp

    diff

    ebp

    epal

    epcsv

    fc

    fl

    foreach

    %

    ft

    fw

    gal

    gbp

    gc

    gci

    gcm

    gdr

    gcs

    ghy

    gi

    gl

    gm

    gmo

    gp

    gps

    group

    gsv

    gsnp

    gu

    gv

    gwmi

    iex

    ihy

    ii

    ipmo

    iwmi

    ipal

    ipcsv

    measure

    mi

    mp

    nal

    ndr

    ni

    nv

    nmo

    oh

    ogv

    ise

    rbp

    rdr

    ri

    rni

    rnp

    rp

    rmo

    rsnp

    rv

    rwmi

    rvpa

    sal

    sasv

    sbp

    sc

    select

    si

    sl

    swmi

    sleep

    sort

    sp

    saps

    start

    spps

    spsv

    sv

    tee

    where

    ?

    write

    rcsn

    cnsn

    dnsn

    irm

    iwr

    cat

    cd

    clear

    cp

    h

    history

    kill

    lp

    ls

    man

    mount

    md

    mv

    popd

    ps

    pushd

    pwd

    r

    rm

    rmdir

    echo

    cls

    chdir

    copy

    del

    dir

    erase

    move

    rd

    ren

    set

    type

    icm

    clhy

    gjb

    rcjb

    rjb

    sajb

    spjb

    wjb

    sujb

    rujb

    nsn

    gsn

    rsn

    ipsn

    epsn

    etsn

    exsn

    sls

    Add-History

    Add-PSSnapin

    Clear-History

    Connect-PSSession

    Disable-PSRemoting

    Disable-PSSessionConfiguration

    Disconnect-PSSession

    Enable-PSRemoting

    Enable-PSSessionConfiguration

    Enter-PSSession

    Exit-PSSession

    Export-Console

    Export-ModuleMember

    ForEach-Object

    Get-Command

    Get-Help

    Get-History

    Get-Job

    Get-Module

    Get-PSSession

    Get-PSSessionConfiguration

    Get-PSSnapin

    Import-Module

    Invoke-Command

    Invoke-History

    New-Module

    New-ModuleManifest

    New-PSSession

    New-PSSessionConfigurationFile

    New-PSSessionOption

    New-PSTransportOption

    Out-Default

    Out-Host

    Out-Null

    Receive-Job

    Receive-PSSession

    Register-JobEvent

    Register-PSSessionConfiguration

    Remove-Job

    Remove-Module

    Remove-PSSession

    Remove-PSSnapin

    Resume-Job

    Save-Help

    Set-PSDebug

    Set-PSSessionConfiguration

    Set-StrictMode

    Start-Job

    Stop-Job

    Suspend-Job

    Test-ModuleManifest

    Test-PSSessionConfigurationFile

    Unregister-PSSessionConfiguration

    Update-Help

    Wait-Job

    Where-Object

    Add-Computer

    Add-Content

    Checkpoint-Computer

    Clear-Content

    Clear-EventLog

    Clear-Item

    Clear-ItemProperty

    Complete-Transaction

    Convert-Path

    Copy-Item

    Copy-ItemProperty

    Debug-Process

    Disable-ComputerRestore

    Enable-ComputerRestore

    Export-CimCommand

    Get-ChildItem

    Get-ComputerRestorePoint

    Get-Content

    Get-ControlPanelItem

    Get-EventLog

    Get-HotFix

    Get-Item

    Get-ItemProperty

    Get-Location

    Get-Process

    Get-PSDrive

    Get-PSProvider

    Get-Service

    Get-Transaction

    Get-WmiObject

    Invoke-Item

    Invoke-WmiMethod

    Join-Path

    Limit-EventLog

    Move-Item

    Move-ItemProperty

    New-EventLog

    New-Item

    New-ItemProperty

    New-PSDrive

    New-Service

    New-WebServiceProxy

    Pop-Location

    Push-Location

    Register-WmiEvent

    Remove-Computer

    Remove-EventLog

    Remove-Item

    Remove-ItemProperty

    Remove-PSDrive

    Remove-WmiObject

    Rename-Computer

    Rename-Item

    Rename-ItemProperty

    Reset-ComputerMachinePassword

    Resolve-Path

    Restart-Computer

    Restart-Service

    Restore-Computer

    Resume-Service

    Set-Content

    Set-Item

    Set-ItemProperty

    Set-Location

    Set-Service

    Set-WmiInstance

    Show-ControlPanelItem

    Show-EventLog

    Split-Path

    Start-Process

    Start-Service

    Start-Transaction

    Stop-Computer

    Stop-Process

    Stop-Service

    Suspend-Service

    Test-ComputerSecureChannel

    Test-Connection

    Test-Path

    Undo-Transaction

    Use-Transaction

    Wait-Process

    Write-EventLog

    Add-Member

    Add-Type

    Clear-Variable

    Compare-Object

    ConvertFrom-Csv

    ConvertFrom-Json

    ConvertFrom-StringData

    ConvertTo-Csv

    ConvertTo-Html

    ConvertTo-Json

    ConvertTo-Xml

    Disable-PSBreakpoint

    Enable-PSBreakpoint

    Export-Alias

    Export-Clixml

    Export-Csv

    Export-FormatData

    Export-PSSession

    Format-Custom

    Format-List

    Format-Table

    Format-Wide

    Get-Alias

    Get-Culture

    Get-Date

    Get-Event

    Get-EventSubscriber

    Get-FormatData

    Get-Host

    Get-Member

    Get-PSBreakpoint

    Get-PSCallStack

    Get-Random

    Get-TraceSource

    Get-TypeData

    Get-UICulture

    Get-Unique

    Get-Variable

    Group-Object

    Import-Alias

    Import-Clixml

    Import-Csv

    Import-LocalizedData

    Import-PSSession

    Invoke-Expression

    Invoke-RestMethod

    Invoke-WebRequest

    Measure-Command

    Measure-Object

    New-Alias

    New-Event

    New-Object

    New-TimeSpan

    New-Variable

    Out-File

    Out-GridView

    Out-Printer

    Out-String

    Read-Host

    Register-EngineEvent

    Register-ObjectEvent

    Remove-Event

    Remove-PSBreakpoint

    Remove-TypeData

    Remove-Variable

    Select-Object

    Select-String

    Select-Xml

    Send-MailMessage

    Set-Alias

    Set-Date

    Set-PSBreakpoint

    Set-TraceSource

    Set-Variable

    Show-Command

    Sort-Object

    Start-Sleep

    Tee-Object

    Trace-Command

    Unblock-File

    Unregister-Event

    Update-FormatData

    Update-List

    Update-TypeData

    Wait-Event

    Write-Debug

    Write-Error

    Write-Host

    Write-Output

    Write-Progress

    Write-Verbose

    Write-Warning

    Set-AppLockerPolicy

    Get-AppLockerPolicy

    Test-AppLockerPolicy

    Get-AppLockerFileInformation

    New-AppLockerPolicy

    Add-BitsFile

    Remove-BitsTransfer

    Complete-BitsTransfer

    Get-BitsTransfer

    Start-BitsTransfer

    Resume-BitsTransfer

    Set-BitsTransfer

    Suspend-BitsTransfer

    Get-CimInstance

    Get-CimSession

    New-CimSession

    New-CimSessionOption

    Remove-CimSession

    Get-CimAssociatedInstance

    Get-CimClass

    Invoke-CimMethod

    New-CimInstance

    Register-CimIndicationEvent

    Remove-CimInstance

    Set-CimInstance

    Resolve-DnsName

    Resolve-DnsName

    Get-KdsRootKey

    Add-KdsRootKey

    Test-KdsRootKey

    Get-KdsConfiguration

    Set-KdsConfiguration

    Clear-KdsCache

    Get-WinEvent

    Get-Counter

    Import-Counter

    Export-Counter

    New-WinEvent

    Start-Transcript

    Stop-Transcript

    Get-Acl

    Set-Acl

    Get-PfxCertificate

    Get-Credential

    Get-ExecutionPolicy

    Set-ExecutionPolicy

    Get-AuthenticodeSignature

    Set-AuthenticodeSignature

    ConvertFrom-SecureString

    ConvertTo-SecureString

    Disable-WSManCredSSP

    Enable-WSManCredSSP

    Get-WSManCredSSP

    Set-WSManQuickConfig

    Test-WSMan

    Invoke-WSManAction

    Connect-WSMan

    Disconnect-WSMan

    Get-WSManInstance

    Set-WSManInstance

    Remove-WSManInstance

    New-WSManInstance

    New-WSManSessionOption

    New-DtcDiagnosticTransaction

    Complete-DtcDiagnosticTransaction

    Join-DtcDiagnosticResourceManager

    Receive-DtcDiagnosticTransaction

    Send-DtcDiagnosticTransaction

    Start-DtcDiagnosticResourceManager

    Stop-DtcDiagnosticResourceManager

    Undo-DtcDiagnosticTransaction

    New-NetAuthenticationProposal

    New-NetMainModeCryptoProposal

    New-NetQuickModeCryptoProposal

    Get-DAPolicyChange

    Get-AutoEnrollmentPolicy

    Set-AutoEnrollmentPolicy

    Export-Certificate

    Import-Certificate

    Get-Certificate

    Switch-Certificate

    Import-PfxCertificate

    Export-PfxCertificate

    Test-Certificate

    New-CertificateNotificationTask

    Get-CertificateNotificationTask

    Remove-CertificateNotificationTask

    Add-EnrollmentPolicyServer

    Get-EnrollmentPolicyServer

    Remove-EnrollmentPolicyServer

    New-SelfSignedCertificate

    Get-PfxData

    New-JobTrigger

    Add-JobTrigger

    Remove-JobTrigger

    Get-JobTrigger

    Set-JobTrigger

    Enable-JobTrigger

    Disable-JobTrigger

    New-ScheduledJobOption

    Get-ScheduledJobOption

    Set-ScheduledJobOption

    Register-ScheduledJob

    Get-ScheduledJob

    Set-ScheduledJob

    Unregister-ScheduledJob

    Enable-ScheduledJob

    Disable-ScheduledJob

    Import-PSWorkflow

    New-PSWorkflowExecutionOption

    New-JobTrigger

    Add-JobTrigger

    Remove-JobTrigger

    Get-JobTrigger

    Set-JobTrigger

    Enable-JobTrigger

    Disable-JobTrigger

    New-ScheduledJobOption

    Get-ScheduledJobOption

    Set-ScheduledJobOption

    Register-ScheduledJob

    Get-ScheduledJob

    Set-ScheduledJob

    Unregister-ScheduledJob

    Enable-ScheduledJob

    Disable-ScheduledJob

    Confirm-SecureBootUEFI

    Set-SecureBootUEFI

    Get-SecureBootUEFI

    Format-SecureBootUEFI

    Test-SecureBootPolicy

    Repair-SecureBootPolicy

    ConvertFrom-SecureBootPolicy

    Install-SecureBootPolicy

    Get-TroubleshootingPack

    Invoke-TroubleshootingPack

    Get-Tpm

    Initialize-Tpm

    Clear-Tpm

    Unblock-Tpm

    Enable-TpmAutoProvisioning

    Disable-TpmAutoProvisioning

    Import-TpmOwnerAuth

    Set-TpmOwnerAuth

    ConvertTo-TpmOwnerAuth

    四、PowerShell 3.0基础命令快速参考

    Connect-PSSession

    ConvertFrom-Json

    ConvertTo-Json

    Disable-PSRemoting

    Disconnect-PSSession

    Export-CimCommand

    Get-ControlPanelItem

    Get-TypeData

    Invoke-RestMethod

    Invoke-WebRequest

    New-PSSessionConfigurationFile

    New-PSTransportOption

    New-WinEvent

    Receive-PSSession

    Register-JobEvent

    Remove-TypeData

    Rename-Computer

    Resume-Job

    Save-Help

    Show-Command

    Show-ControlPanelItem

    Suspend-Job

    Test-PSSessionConfigurationFile

    Unblock-File

    Update-Help

    Connect-PSSession ALIASES cnsn

    SYNTAX

    Connect-PSSession [-ComputerName] string[]> [-Credential PSCredential>] [-Authentication

    AuthenticationMechanism> {Default | Basic | Negotiate | NegotiateWithImplicitCredential | Credssp | Digest |

    Kerberos}] [-CertificateThumbprint string>] [-Port int>] [-UseSSL] [-SessionOption PSSessionOption>]

    [-ThrottleLimit int>] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Connect-PSSession [-Session] PSSession[]> [-SessionOption PSSessionOption>] [-ThrottleLimit int>] [-WhatIf]

    [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Connect-PSSession [-ComputerName] string[]> -InstanceId Guid[]> [-Credential PSCredential>] [-Authentication

    AuthenticationMechanism> {Default | Basic | Negotiate | NegotiateWithImplicitCredential | Credssp | Digest |

    Kerberos}] [-CertificateThumbprint string>] [-Port int>] [-UseSSL] [-SessionOption PSSessionOption>]

    [-ThrottleLimit int>] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Connect-PSSession [-ComputerName] string[]> -Name string[]> [-Credential PSCredential>] [-Authentication

    AuthenticationMechanism> {Default | Basic | Negotiate | NegotiateWithImplicitCredential | Credssp | Digest |

    Kerberos}] [-CertificateThumbprint string>] [-Port int>] [-UseSSL] [-SessionOption PSSessionOption>]

    [-ThrottleLimit int>] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Connect-PSSession [-Id] int[]> [-SessionOption PSSessionOption>] [-ThrottleLimit int>] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm]

    [CommonParameters>]

    ConvertFrom-Json ALIASES None

    SYNTAX

    ConvertFrom-Json [-InputObject] string> [CommonParameters>]

    ConvertTo-Json ALIASES None

    SYNTAX

    ConvertTo-Json [-InputObject] Object> [-Depth int>] [-Compress] [CommonParameters>]

    Disable-PSRemoting ALIASES None

    SYNTAX

    Disable-PSRemoting [-Force] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Disconnect-PSSession ALIASES dnsn

    SYNTAX

    Disconnect-PSSession [-Session] PSSession[]> [[-SessionOption] PSSessionOption>] [[-ThrottleLimit] int>]

    [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Disconnect-PSSession [[-SessionOption] PSSessionOption>] [[-ThrottleLimit] int>] [-InstanceId Guid[]>]

    [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Disconnect-PSSession [[-ComputerName] string[]>] [[-SessionOption] PSSessionOption>] [[-ThrottleLimit] int>]

    [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Disconnect-PSSession [[-SessionOption] PSSessionOption>] [[-ThrottleLimit] int>] [-Name string[]>] [-WhatIf]

    [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Disconnect-PSSession [-Id] int[]> [[-SessionOption] PSSessionOption>] [[-ThrottleLimit] int>] [-WhatIf]

    [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Export-CimCommand ALIASES None

    SYNTAX

    Export-CimCommand [-CmdletDefinitionPath] string> [-OutputModule string>] [-Force] [-Encoding string>]

    [-TypesPath string>] [-FormatPath string>] [-HelpPath string>] [-UseOldSystemManagementApi] [CommonParameters>]

    Get-ControlPanelItem ALIASES None

    SYNTAX

    Get-ControlPanelItem [[-Name] string[]>] [-Category string[]>] [CommonParameters>]

    Get-ControlPanelItem -CanonicalName string[]> [-Category string[]>] [CommonParameters>]

    Get-TypeData ALIASES None

    SYNTAX

    Get-TypeData [[-TypeName] string[]>] [CommonParameters>]

    Invoke-RestMethod ALIASES irm

    SYNTAX

    Invoke-RestMethod [-Uri] Uri> [-Method WebRequestMethod> {Default | Get | Head | Post | Put | Delete | Trace |

    Options}] [-ReturnType RestReturnType> {Detect | Json | Xml}] [-Session WebRequestSession>] [-SessionVariable

    string>] [-Credential PSCredential>] [-UseDefaultCredentials] [-CertificateThumbprint string>] [-Certificate

    X509Certificate>] [-UserAgent string>] [-DisableKeepAlive] [-Timeout int>] [-Headers IDictionary>]

    [-MaximumRedirection int>] [-Proxy Uri>] [-ProxyCredential PSCredential>] [-ProxyUseDefaultCredentials] [-Body

    Object>] [-ContentType string>] [-TransferEncoding string>] [-InFile string>] [-OutFile string>] [-PassThru]

    [CommonParameters>]

    Invoke-WebRequest ALIASES iwr

    SYNTAX

    Invoke-WebRequest [-Uri] Uri> [-UseBasicParsing] [-Session WebRequestSession>] [-SessionVariable string>]

    [-Credential PSCredential>] [-UseDefaultCredentials] [-CertificateThumbprint string>] [-Certificate

    X509Certificate>] [-UserAgent string>] [-DisableKeepAlive] [-Timeout int>] [-Headers IDictionary>]

    [-MaximumRedirection int>] [-Method WebRequestMethod> {Default | Get | Head | Post | Put | Delete | Trace |

    Options}] [-Proxy Uri>] [-ProxyCredential PSCredential>] [-ProxyUseDefaultCredentials] [-Body Object>]

    [-ContentType string>] [-TransferEncoding string>] [-InFile string>] [-OutFile string>] [-PassThru]

    [CommonParameters>]

    New-PSSessionConfigurationFile ALIASES NONE

    SYNTAX

    New-PSSessionConfigurationFile [-Path] string> [-SchemaVersion Version>] [-Guid Guid>] [-Author string>]

    [-CompanyName string>] [-Copyright string>] [-Description string>] [-PowerShellVersion Version>] [-SessionType

    SessionType> {Empty | RestrictedRemoteServer | Default}] [-ModulesToImport string[]>] [-AssembliesToLoad

    string[]>] [-VisibleAliases string[]>] [-VisibleCmdlets string[]>] [-VisibleFunctions string[]>]

    [-VisibleProviders string[]>] [-VisibleVariables string[]>] [-AliasDefinitions hashtable[]>]

    [-FunctionDefinitions hashtable[]>] [-VariableDefinitions hashtable[]>] [-EnvironmentVariables Object>]

    [-TypesToProcess string[]>] [-FormatsToProcess string[]>] [-LanguageMode PSLanguageMode> {FullLanguage |

    RestrictedLanguage | NoLanguage}] [-ExecutionPolicy ExecutionPolicy> {Unrestricted | RemoteSigned | AllSigned |

    Restricted | Default | Bypass | Undefined}] [-ScriptsToProcess string[]>] [CommonParameters>]

    New-PSTransportOption

    SYNTAX

    New-PSTransportOption [-MaxIdleTimeout int>] [-ProcessIdleTimeout int>] [-MaxSessions int>]

    [-MaxConcurrentCommandsPerSession int>] [-ReservedConcurrentCommandsPerSession int>] [-MaxSessionsPerUser int>]

    [-MaxMemoryPerSessionMB int>] [-MaxProcessesPerSession int>] [-MaxConcurrentUsers int>] [-IdleTimeout int>]

    [-OutputBufferingMode OutputBufferingMode>] [CommonParameters>]

    New-WinEvent

    SYNTAX

    New-WinEvent [-ProviderName] string> [-Id] int> [[-Payload] Object[]>] [-Version byte>] [-Force]

    [CommonParameters>]

    Receive-PSSession ALIASES rcsn

    SYNTAX

    Receive-PSSession [-Session] PSSession> [-OutTarget OutTarget> {Default | Host | Job}] [-JobName string>]

    [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Receive-PSSession [[-Id] int>] [-OutTarget OutTarget> {Default | Host | Job}] [-JobName string>] [-WhatIf]

    [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Receive-PSSession [[-ComputerName] string>] [-Name string>] [-OutTarget OutTarget> {Default | Host | Job}]

    [-JobName string>] [-Credential PSCredential>] [-Authentication AuthenticationMechanism> {Default | Basic |

    Negotiate | NegotiateWithImplicitCredential | Credssp | Digest | Kerberos}] [-CertificateThumbprint string>]

    [-Port int>] [-UseSSL] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Receive-PSSession [[-ComputerName] string>] [[-InstanceId] Guid>] [-OutTarget OutTarget> {Default | Host |

    Job}] [-JobName string>] [-Credential PSCredential>] [-Authentication AuthenticationMechanism> {Default | Basic

    | Negotiate | NegotiateWithImplicitCredential | Credssp | Digest | Kerberos}] [-CertificateThumbprint string>]

    [-Port int>] [-UseSSL] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Receive-PSSession [[-InstanceId] Guid>] [-OutTarget OutTarget> {Default | Host | Job}] [-JobName string>]

    [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Receive-PSSession [-Name string>] [-OutTarget OutTarget> {Default | Host | Job}] [-JobName string>] [-WhatIf]

    [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Register-JobEvent

    SYNTAX

    Register-JobEvent [-InputJobObject] Job> [-EventName] string> [[-SourceIdentifier] string>] [[-Action]

    scriptblock>] [-MessageData psobject>] [-SupportEvent] [-Forward] [CommonParameters>]

    Remove-TypeData

    SYNTAX

    Remove-TypeData -TypeData TypeData> [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Remove-TypeData [-TypeName] string> [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Remove-TypeData [-Path string[]>] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Rename-Computer

    SYNTAX

    Rename-Computer [-NewName] string> [-ComputerName string>] [-PassThru] [-DomainCredential PSCredential>]

    [-LocalCredential PSCredential>] [-Force] [-Restart] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Resume-Job ALIASES rujb

    SYNTAX

    Resume-Job [-Id] int[]> [-PassThru] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Resume-Job [-Job] Job[]> [-PassThru] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Resume-Job [[-Name] string[]>] [-PassThru] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Resume-Job [[-InstanceId] Guid[]>] [-PassThru] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Resume-Job [-PassThru] [-State JobState> {NotStarted | Running | Completed | Failed | Stopped | Blocked |

    Suspended | Disconnected | Suspending | Stopping}] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Resume-Job [-PassThru] [-Filter hashtable>] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Save-Help

    SYNTAX

    Save-Help [[-DestinationPath] string[]>] [[-UICulture] string[]>] [-Force] [CommonParameters>]

    Save-Help [[-DestinationPath] string[]>] [[-InputObject] psmoduleinfo[]>] [[-UICulture] string[]>]

    [-LiteralPath string[]>] [-Force] [CommonParameters>]

    Save-Help [[-DestinationPath] string[]>] [[-Module] string[]>] [[-UICulture] string[]>] [-LiteralPath

    string[]>] [-Force] [CommonParameters>]

    Save-Help [[-UICulture] string[]>] [-LiteralPath string[]>] [-Force] [CommonParameters>]

    Show-Command

    SYNTAX

    Show-Command [[-Name] string>] [-Height double>] [-Width double>] [-NoCommonParameter] [-NoErrorPopup]

    [CommonParameters>]

    Show-ControlPanelItem

    SYNTAX

    Show-ControlPanelItem [-Name] string[]> [CommonParameters>]

    Show-ControlPanelItem -CanonicalName string[]> [CommonParameters>]

    Show-ControlPanelItem [[-InputObject] ControlPanelItem[]>] [CommonParameters>]strong>/strong>

    Suspend-Job ALIASES sujb

    SYNTAX

    Suspend-Job [-Id] int[]> [-PassThru] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Suspend-Job [-Job] Job[]> [-PassThru] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Suspend-Job [[-Name] string[]>] [-PassThru] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Suspend-Job [[-InstanceId] Guid[]>] [-PassThru] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Suspend-Job [-PassThru] [-State JobState> {NotStarted | Running | Completed | Failed | Stopped | Blocked |

    Suspended | Disconnected | Suspending | Stopping}] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Suspend-Job [-PassThru] [-Filter hashtable>] [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Test-PSSessionConfigurationFile

    SYNTAX

    Test-PSSessionConfigurationFile [-Path] string> [CommonParameters>]

    Unblock-File

    SYNTAX

    Unblock-File [-Path] string[]> [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Unblock-File [-LiteralPath] string[]> [-WhatIf] [-Confirm] [CommonParameters>]

    Update-Help

    SYNTAX

    Update-Help [[-SourcePath] string[]>] [[-UICulture] string[]>] [-LiteralPath string[]>] [-Recurse] [-Force]

    [CommonParameters>]

    Update-Help [[-Module] string[]>] [[-SourcePath] string[]>] [[-UICulture] string[]>] [-LiteralPath string[]>]

    [-Recurse] [-Force] [CommonParameters>]

    Update-Help [[-InputObject] psmoduleinfo[]>] [[-SourcePath] string[]>] [[-UICulture] string[]>] [-LiteralPath

    string[]>] [-Recurse] [-Force] [CommonParameters>]

    五、最后写几个命令

    查看目前加载的所有模块:Get-Module –All

    查看ScheduledTasks模块包含的所有命令:Get-Command –Module ScheduledTasks

    小结:

    Windows 8包含的PowerShell 3.0进行了很大的更新,尤其在Windows Server 8中,几乎所有的管理工作都可以使用PowerShell来完成,甚至一部分管理只能用PowerShell。后续篇章会继续在Windows 8中测试PowerShell 3.0,体验企业级的自动化管理任务。

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