方法 |
说明 |
size() |
返回Hash对象的长度 |
length() |
返回Hash对象的长度 |
include?(key) |
判断指定的Hash对象是否包含指定的key |
has_key?(key) |
判断指定的Hash对象是否包含指定的key |
delete(key) |
删除Hash对象中指定key的对应元素 |
keys() |
返回由Hash对象中全部key组成的数组 |
values() |
返回由Hash对象中全部value组成的数组 |
student = { "name" => "Steve", "age" => 22, "Gender" => "male" } p student.keys #=> ["name", "Gender", "age"] p student.values #=> ["Steve", "male", 22] puts student.include?("age") #=> true puts student.size #=> 3 student.delete("Gender") puts student.has_key?("Gender") #=>false puts student.size #=>2
6.Hash的转换使用
在处理嵌套了几层的hash时,总是感觉很混乱,读取、修改时都很麻烦。因此想到把hash转换为对象,直接生成key的get/set方法,代码如下:
class HashObj class self def load_from_hash(hash) if hash.instance_of? Hash obj = HashObj.new hash.each{|k,v| obj.send :def_sget_method,k,HashObj.load_from_hash(v)} obj elsif hash.instance_of? Array hash.map{|m| HashObj.load_from_hash(m) } else hash end end end def attributes hash = {} @@reg ||= /=/ self.singleton_methods.reject{|x| @@reg =~ x.to_s}.each do |m| v = self.send(m) if v.instance_of? HashObj real_v = v.attributes elsif v.instance_of? Array real_v = [] v.each do |l| if l.instance_of? HashObj real_v l.attributes else real_v l end end else real_v = v end hash[m] = real_v end hash end protected def def_sget_method(name,val) self.instance_variable_set "@#{name}",val self.define_singleton_method "#{name}=" do |n_val| instance_variable_set "@#{name}",n_val end self.define_singleton_method name do instance_variable_get "@#{name}" end end end
使用demo
hash = {name:'jack',age:22,phone:['61900871','8787876'], basic_info:{country:'USA',city:'New York'}} obj = HashObj.load_from_hash hash obj.name #'jack' obj.age #22 obj.phone #['61900871','8787876'] obj.basic_info #HashObj:0x007f9eda02b360 @country="USA", @city="New York"> obj.basic_info.country #'USA' obj.attributes == hash #true obj.age = 30 obj.attributes #{:name=>"jack", :age=>30, :phone=>["61900871", "8787876"], # :basic_info=>{:country=>"USA", :city=>"New York"}}